We Have Never Been Modern
αα»ααΆ 2012 Β· Harvard University Press
ααααα
βα’αα‘α·α
ααααΌαα·α
157
ααααα
reportααΆαααΆαααααα αα·αααα·ααΆαααααααα·αααααΌαααΆααααααααααΆαααα αααααααααααααα
α’αααΈααααα βα’αα‘α·α ααααΌαα·αααα
With the rise of science, we moderns believe, the world changed irrevocably, separating us forever from our primitive, premodern ancestors. But if we were to let go of this fond conviction, Bruno Latour asks, what would the world look like? His book, an anthropology of science, shows us how much of modernity is actually a matter of faith.
What does it mean to be modern? What difference does the scientific method make? The difference, Latour explains, is in our careful distinctions between nature and society, between human and thing, distinctions that our benighted ancestors, in their world of alchemy, astrology, and phrenology, never made. But alongside this purifying practice that defines modernity, there exists another seemingly contrary one: the construction of systems that mix politics, science, technology, and nature. The ozone debate is such a hybrid, in Latourβs analysis, as are global warming, deforestation, even the idea of black holes. As these hybrids proliferate, the prospect of keeping nature and culture in their separate mental chambers becomes overwhelmingβand rather than try, Latour suggests, we should rethink our distinctions, rethink the definition and constitution of modernity itself. His book offers a new explanation of science that finally recognizes the connections between nature and cultureβand so, between our culture and others, past and present.
Nothing short of a reworking of our mental landscape, We Have Never Been Modern blurs the boundaries among science, the humanities, and the social sciences to enhance understanding on all sides. A summation of the work of one of the most influential and provocative interpreters of science, it aims at saving what is good and valuable in modernity and replacing the rest with a broader, fairer, and finer sense of possibility.
What does it mean to be modern? What difference does the scientific method make? The difference, Latour explains, is in our careful distinctions between nature and society, between human and thing, distinctions that our benighted ancestors, in their world of alchemy, astrology, and phrenology, never made. But alongside this purifying practice that defines modernity, there exists another seemingly contrary one: the construction of systems that mix politics, science, technology, and nature. The ozone debate is such a hybrid, in Latourβs analysis, as are global warming, deforestation, even the idea of black holes. As these hybrids proliferate, the prospect of keeping nature and culture in their separate mental chambers becomes overwhelmingβand rather than try, Latour suggests, we should rethink our distinctions, rethink the definition and constitution of modernity itself. His book offers a new explanation of science that finally recognizes the connections between nature and cultureβand so, between our culture and others, past and present.
Nothing short of a reworking of our mental landscape, We Have Never Been Modern blurs the boundaries among science, the humanities, and the social sciences to enhance understanding on all sides. A summation of the work of one of the most influential and provocative interpreters of science, it aims at saving what is good and valuable in modernity and replacing the rest with a broader, fairer, and finer sense of possibility.
α’αααΈβα’ααααα·αααα
Bruno LaTour was born in the French province of Burgundy, where his family has been making wine for many generations. He was educated in Dijon, where he studied philosophy and Biblical exegesis. He then went to Africa, to complete his military service, working for a French organization similar to the American Peace Corps. While in Africa he became interested in the social sciences, particularly anthropology. LaTour believes that through his interests in philosophy, theology, and anthropology, he is actually pursuing a single goal, to understand the different ways that truth is built. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, LaTour has written about the philosophy and sociology of science in an original, insightful, and sometimes quirky way. Works that have been translated to English include The Pasteurization of France; Laboratory Life; Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society; We Have Never Been Modern; and Aramis, or the Love of Technology. LaTour is a professor at the Center for the Sociology of Innovation, a division of the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, in Paris.
ααΆααααααααααα βα’αα‘α·α ααααΌαα·αααα
ααααΆααααΎαα’αααΈααΆααααααΎαααααα’αααα
α’αΆαβααααααΆα
ααΌαααααααααΆααα αα·αβααααααα
ααα‘αΎααααααα·ααΈ Google Play Books αααααΆαα Android αα·α iPad/iPhone α ααΆβααααΎααααΆαααααβαααααααααααααααα·ααΆαα½αβααααΈβααααα’αααβ αα·αβα’αα»ααααΆαα±ααβα’αααα’αΆααααβααΆαα’ααΈαααΊαα·α α¬ααααΆαβα’ααΈαααΊαα·αβαα
αααααααΈααααααα
αα»αααααΌαααβαα½ααα αα·ααα»αααααΌααα
α’αααα’αΆα
ααααΆααααααα
ααΆααα‘αααααααΆααα·ααα
αααα»α Google Play αααααααΎαααααα·ααΈαα»αααααΆαα’ααΈαααΊαα·ααααα»ααα»αααααΌαααααααα’αααα
eReaders αα·αβα§αααααβαααααβααα
ααΎααααΈα’αΆααα
ααΎβα§ααααα e-ink ααΌα
ααΆβα§αααααα’αΆαβααααα
α’αα‘α·α
ααααΌαα·α Kobo α’αααααΉαααααΌαβααΆαααβα―αααΆα α αΎαβαααααααΆαα
βα§αααααβααααα’αααα ααΌαα’αα»ααααααΆαβααΆαααααΆααααα’α·αααααααααααααααααα½α ααΎααααΈαααααα―αααΆαβαα
α§αααααα’αΆαααααα
βα’αα‘α·α
ααααΌαα·ααααααααΆααα
