The book provides a comprehensive analysis, starting with a historical overview and progressing to an examination of pipeline infrastructure. It scrutinizes the energy policies of Caspian littoral states (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan) and assesses the roles of external powers like the United States, the European Union, and China. By incorporating diverse sources and economic models, the book uniquely offers a holistic perspective on the Caspian Sea, valuable for policymakers, energy analysts, and academics interested in the region's geopolitics and sustainable development.