Biopesticides in Environment and Food Security: Issues and Strategies

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· Scientific Publishers
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474
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About this ebook

 Drivers behind food security and crop protection issues vis-à-vis the food losses caused by pests include rapid human population increase, climate change, loss of beneficial on-farm biodiversity, reduction in per capita cropped land, water shortages, and pesticide withdrawals. Integrated pest management, therefore, becomes a compulsory strategy in agriculture, which offers a 'toolbox' of complementary crop- and region-specific crop protection solutions to address these rising pressures. IPM aims at more sustainable solutions by using complementary technologies and one of them is the use of biopesticides including genetically modified cropping systems. The aim is to reduce pests below economic thresholds utilizing key 'ecological services', particularly biocontrol systems via semiochemicals, biopesticides, precision pest monitoring tools, and rapid diagnostics. In fact, we are facing twin problems of environment and food security for the expanding population and it is necessary to ensure adequate pesticide-free food. The ecofriendly nature of biopesticide products suggests environment protection and safety for natural enemies and non-target organisms. However, their adoption and use have lagged behind due to certain constraints like variable performance under field situations, lack of quality standards and interest by big industrial houses, and cumbersome regulatory procedures. The present book is an attempt to critically debate over all these issues and suggest a road map for future.

About the author

Opender Koul

Opender Koul, Fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Indian Academy of Entomology, is an insect toxicologist/physiologist/chemical ecologist and currently the Director of the Insect Biopesticide Research Centre, Jalandhar, India and Adjunct Professor, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. He has been a Visiting Scientist at the University of Kanazawa, Japan (1985-1986), University of British Columbia, Canada (1988-1992), and Insti-tute of Plant Protection, Poznan, Poland (2001). His extensive research experience concerns insect-plant interactions, spanning toxicological, physiological and agricultural aspects. He has been honoured with an Indian National Science Academy Medal (INSA), the Kothari Scientific Research Institute Award, KEC Science Society Award, Recognition Award of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of India (2005); Prof. R.C. Saxena Memorial Medal (2009); and Late P.P. Singhal Memorial Award (2010) for outstanding contributions in the field of Insect Toxicology/ Physiology and Plant Protection. Dr. Koul was also nominated for the Recognition Award of ESA (USA) in 2006. Dr. Koul is on panel of experts in many committees and leading international and national journals. He has also been an informal consultant to BOSTID, NRC of USA at ICIPE, Nairobi, UNIDO Expert on Biopesticides in China (2006) and Nigeria (2007), Biopesticides Expert, Tsukuba, Japan (2009) and Member External Advisory Board (ADAPPT Net Work for African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States, European Development Fund), UK, 2009. He has authored over 200 research papers and articles, and is the author/editor of 20 books on different aspects of biopesticides.

G.S. Dhaliwal

G. S. Dhaliwal is currently Visiting Professor, Insect Biopesticide Research Centre, Jalandhar, India. He obtained Ph.D. from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi in 1972 and remained Post-doctoral Fellow at the International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, for two years. A member of the World Food Prize Nominating Academy, he is Fellow of the National Environmental Science Academy (NESA), Society of Plant Protection Sciences, Society of Pesticide Sciences India, Plant Protection Association of India, Indian Society for the Advancement of Insect Science and Entomological Society of India. Honoured with Best Scientist Award of NESA and Lifetime Achievement Award of International Allelopathy Foun-dation, he has been Founder President of the Indian Society for the Advancement of Insect Science and Society of Biopesticide Sciences India, and President of the Indian Ecological Society, He has authored more than 50 book chapters, 250 research papers and review articles, and is author/ editor of more than 40 books on different aspects of pest management, environment and susta-inable agriculture.

S. Khokhar

Sucheta Khokhar is currently Dean, College of Agriculture, and served as Head, Department of Entomology (until June 2010) at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, She obtained her Ph.D. from CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, in 1979 and was a FAO Post-doctoral Training Fellow at Ohio State University, USA in 1999 in the Diagnostic Clinics for Insects and Other Pathogens. A Fellow of the Applied Zoological Research Association (AZRA), CRRI, Cuttack, she is the recipient of Dr. Mrs. Jagadeswari Rao Women Scientist Award 1999 and 2000 bestowed by AZRA. She has established the new identity of 35 insects from Haryana and adjoining areas, and discovered 10 new species of insects. She has published more than 70 research papers in national and international journals of scientific repute and contributed 10 chapters in the books and 3 review papers. She is a co-editor of two books/compendia. She is life member of several scientific societies. She has guided more than 12 post-graduate students and taught taxonomy, morphology, classification and biosystematics courses of Entomology to under-graduate and post-graduate students at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar and Indian Agricultural Research institute, New Delhi.

Ram Singh

Ram Singh did his Ph.D. from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in 1985. He was awarded the European Commission Post-doctoral Fellowship (1991-92) and FAO Post-doctoral Training Fellowship (1998) when he worked on various aspects of insect-plant interact- ions and integrated pest management at the Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, United Kingdom. A Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society, London, he is the recipient of University Gold Medal and Aspee Gold Medal, from HAU, Hisar and ICAR award from New Delhi. He has published more than 150 research papers in national and international journals of scientific repute. He has also contributed 17 chapters in the books and 11 review papers. Dr. Singh has co-edited/authored four books and four compendia. He is life member of several scie-ntific societies and also the Fellow of Plant Protection Association of India. He has presented his work at several international conferences in India, Netherlands, Scotland and United Kingdom.

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