The novel follows the life of its protagonist, a young man who sets out into the world seeking meaning, work, and a sense of purpose. Through his eyes, Gorky explores the struggles of the lower classes in Russia, particularly those who must confront poverty, oppression, and the exploitation of labor. The protagonist's journey is one of self-discovery, as he learns about the world and himself through his encounters with various characters and situations, each providing a new perspective on the human condition.
One of the central themes of "In the World" is the conflict between the individual and society. The protagonist’s search for dignity and freedom stands in stark contrast to the rigid social systems and class divisions of his time. Through his interactions with different social classes, Gorky paints a vivid picture of the deep inequality and social injustice that define much of the character's life experience.
The novel is deeply rooted in Gorky’s socialist ideals, and it reflects his belief in the power of the human spirit to rise above adversity. However, Gorky does not present an idealized version of society but rather portrays the complexities and contradictions that exist within it. His characters are imperfect, struggling with their own flaws and limitations, but they are also capable of growth, redemption, and transformation.
Through the protagonist’s journey, Gorky explores themes of hope, despair, and the search for purpose. The novel is a meditation on the difficulty of finding one’s place in a world that often seems indifferent or hostile to individual aspirations. The protagonist’s encounters with suffering, injustice, and even moments of fleeting happiness reveal the broader struggles of humanity in a society on the brink of social change.
"In the World" is a poignant and thought-provoking work that reflects Gorky’s belief in the potential for personal and collective transformation. The novel’s powerful exploration of the human spirit and its struggle against the forces of oppression and exploitation has made it an enduring classic, resonating with readers across generations. Gorky’s compelling narrative invites readers to reflect on their own place in the world, and the complexities of social justice, freedom, and self-realization.