Libraries in the Manuscript Age
Nuria de Castilla ¡ François DÊroche ¡ Michael Friedrich
āĻĢā§āĻŦ ā§¨ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š ¡ Studies in Manuscript Cultures āĻŦāĻ 29 ¡ Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
āĻ-āĻŦā§āĻ
273
āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž
reportāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§āĻ¨āĻŋ Â āĻāĻ°āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨
āĻāĻ āĻ-āĻŦā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§ā§
The case studies presented in this volume help illuminate the rationale for the founding of libraries in an age when books were handwritten, thus contributing to the comparative history of libraries. They focus on examples ranging from the seventh to the seventeenth century emanating from the Muslim World, East Asia, Byzantium and Western Europe. Accumulation and preservation are the key motivations for the development of libraries. Rulers, scholars and men of religion were clearly dedicated to collecting books and sought to protect these fragile objects against the various hazards that threatened their survival. Many of these treasured books are long gone, but there remain hosts of evidence enabling one to reconstruct the collections to which they belonged, found in ancient buildings, literary accounts, archival documentation and, most crucially, catalogues. With such material at hand or, in some cases, the manuscripts of a certain library which have come down to us, it is possible to reflect on the nature of these libraries of the past, the interests of their owners, and their role in the intellectual history of the manuscript age.
āĻ˛ā§āĻāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻā§
Nuria de Castilla, EPHE, Paris; François DÊroche, EPHE, Paris, France; Michael Friedrich, University Hamburg, Germany.
āĻ-āĻŦā§āĻā§ āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨
āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤
āĻĒāĻ āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯
āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻāĻĢā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ
Android āĻāĻŦāĻ iPad/iPhone āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Google Play āĻŦāĻ āĻ
ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒ āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ
ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ
āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻā§āĻ āĻšā§ āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ
āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ
āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§ā§āĨ¤
āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻāĻĒ āĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°
Google Play āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ
āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻŦā§āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻā§ā§āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
eReader āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ
āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻāĻ¸
Kobo eReaders-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ e-ink āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻāĻ¸ā§ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§, āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ˛ āĻĄāĻžāĻāĻ¨āĻ˛ā§āĻĄ āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻāĻ¸ā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻĢāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻšāĻžā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ
āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻ¸āĻŦ eReader-āĻ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻĢāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
