Mr. Downing is a retired US. Federal Service member with 39 1⁄2 years of service. He served 22 1⁄2 years of active Army Air Corp/US. Air Force service as a weather specialist. He completed Graduate Meteorolgy, University of Chicago, through Air Force Extension training at Rantoul, Illinois in 1950. He also has had a career in Air Force electronics. He began his Russian Language training while stationed in West Texas, more than forty years ago. While informally associated with the North American franchise of “Translation Experts”, he initiated the incorporation of differentiated translations which distinguished between the English and American vernacular for Russian translations. This practice is now incorporated into the most prestigious English/Russian dictionaries (Oxford press, etc.). His production of “Contemporary Russian” is a consequence of his awareness of the lack of contemporary word/term Russian translations available in most English/Russian dictionaries, currently in print. Mr. Downing has near-daily monitored “Moscow based On-line news publications”. This exposure has contributed greatly to his contemporary translations of Cyrillic - abbreviations, compound terms, phonetic translations, etc.