Introduction to Yemen

Gilad James, PhD

Gilad James Mystery School

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Yemen is a small country situated in the southwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, Oman to the east, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the west and south respectively. The country has a land area of about 527, 970 sq. km and a population of over 29 million people, making it one of the poorest and most densely populated countries in the Middle East. The capital of Yemen is Sana’a, which is also its largest city. The country is largely composed of arid and rugged terrain, with few fertile areas, and its economy is heavily dependent on agriculture and oil export. Yemen is a republic with a president elected for a five-year term. Its political system is based on a mix of Islamic and civil law. The country is predominantly Muslim, with the majority belonging to the Sunni sect, although there is also a significant Shiite minority. The official language is Arabic, and the currency is the Yemeni rial. Yemen has a rich cultural heritage, with a long history dating back to ancient times when it was known as the Kingdom of Sheba. Its historical legacy can still be seen in the old cities of Sana’a and Zabid, which are UNESCO World Heritage sites. Despite its rich cultural heritage, Yemen has been plagued by internal conflicts since the 1960s, and the civil war that began in 2015 has only worsened the country's political and economic instability. Yemen remains one of the poorest and most war-torn countries in the world, with a humanitarian crisis that has left millions of people in dire need of aid.