An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

David Hume

2021年1月 · Otbebookpublishing

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139

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An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding is a book by the Scottish empiricist philosopher David Hume, published in English in 1748. It was a revision of an earlier effort, Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature, published anonymously in London in 1739–40. Hume was disappointed with the reception of the Treatise, which "fell dead-born from the press," as he put it, and so tried again to disseminate his more developed ideas to the public by writing a shorter and more polemical work.

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David Hume (1711-1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, renowned for his profound influence on the Enlightenment and modern thought. Born in Edinburgh, Hume was a precocious child who entered the University of Edinburgh at the tender age of 12. His early immersion in classical literature and philosophy laid the groundwork for his future intellectual pursuits.Hume's philosophical works challenged the prevailing notions of his time, particularly through his skepticism about religion and his empirical approach to human knowledge. His assertion that human understanding is rooted in experience rather than innate ideas was revolutionary, paving the way for later empiricists and shaping the development of modern psychology and cognitive science.Despite his intellectual prowess, Hume faced significant controversy. His candid views on religion, especially his critiques of miracles and organized faith, drew ire from religious institutions and led to accusations of atheism. These controversies, however, did not deter him; instead, they solidified his reputation as a fearless thinker.Hume's historical writings, especially "The History of England," were immensely popular and influential, offering a comprehensive and accessible narrative that shaped public understanding of British history for generations. His essays on economics and politics also left a lasting legacy, influencing contemporary thinkers like Adam Smith and later philosophers such as Immanuel Kant.An avid socialite, Hume was known for his wit and charm, forming friendships with key figures of the Enlightenment, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Benjamin Franklin. His intellectual rigor and approachable demeanor made him a beloved figure in both scholarly and social circles.David Hume's legacy endures, not only through his contributions to philosophy and history but also through his unwavering commitment to questioning the status quo and seeking truth through reason and evidence. His ideas continue to resonate, inspiring modern readers to explore the depths of human understanding and the complexities of the world around them.