This book comprises the results of scientific investigation and engineering analysis of materials' properties and possible conditions for their applications. It includes articles on analysis of corrosion behaviour and corrosion protection of structural metals, fatigue and damage processes materials, investigation of microstructure and features of semiconductor and nanosized materials and structures for photovoltaic and optoelectronic. Functional ceramics and composites are also researched, and the results of studying the properties of materials for biomedical and environmental engineering are presented. This book will be useful not only to engineers but for academic researchers and students also.